Cranberry is a fruit consumed as food. Certain compounds in cranberry, including proanthocyanidins (PACs), have been studied in relation to urinary tract outcomes, and cranberry products have been examined in human research for the prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in some populations.
Human research on cranberry products varies by the preparation studied (juice, concentrate, extract, tablets, or capsules), the amount, the PAC exposure, the duration, the population, and the outcome measured. Results are not uniform across groups, and the certainty of findings varies. Broad claims that cranberry universally prevents or treats any condition are not supported by the evidence as a whole.
This section describes cranberry in general terms. It does not claim that any cranberry supplement treats, prevents, or cures any condition, including a urinary tract infection or any other disease. Prevention research is distinct from treatment evidence, and cranberry is not a substitute for medical evaluation or treatment of an active UTI. Whether a cranberry supplement is appropriate, and at what amount, is a decision for a healthcare professional — especially for people who take medications, are pregnant or nursing, or have a medical condition.